Musculoskeletal and sports physiotherapy are two specialised branches of physical therapy, each with distinct focuses and applications. Musculoskeletal physiotherapy primarily deals with assessing, diagnosing, and treating a wide range of musculoskeletal conditions and injuries affecting the bones, joints, muscles, and soft tissues. These conditions can result from various causes, such as trauma, overuse, or degenerative conditions like osteoarthritis. Musculoskeletal physiotherapists aim to alleviate pain, improve mobility, and enhance overall musculoskeletal function through targeted exercises, manual therapies, and patient education.

On the other hand, sports physiotherapy is a specialised field that caters explicitly to athletes and individuals engaged in sports or physical activities. Sports physiotherapists are trained to address musculoskeletal issues, sports-specific injuries, and performance optimisation. They work closely with athletes to prevent injuries, provide rehabilitation following sports-related injuries, and develop customised training programs to enhance athletic performance. Sports physiotherapy may involve sports massage, biomechanical analysis, and sport-specific conditioning to improve an athlete's strength, flexibility, and endurance.

While there is some overlap between the two fields, sports physiotherapy strongly emphasises sports-related injuries, performance enhancement, and sport-specific rehabilitation protocols. Musculoskeletal physiotherapy, on the other hand, has a broader scope, encompassing a more comprehensive range of musculoskeletal conditions beyond those related to sports. Both specialties play crucial roles in helping individuals recover from injuries and maintain optimal musculoskeletal health, but their focus and expertise differ based on the specific needs of their patients.